Josquin Project encoding standards
Conventions for encoding Josquin music in Finale.
Filenames
Name files according to this convention: [NJE number][letter to indicate sections, if applicable]-[piece name, words separated by underscores]["-" + section name, if applicable]["-" + encoding variant, if applicable].
NJE (New Josquin Edition) volume and work numbers should be preceeded by a "0" if the number is less than 10. No dot between the volume and work number. For example Missa Gaudeamus, NJE 4.2, first section (Kyrie) is:
0402a-Missa_Gaudeamus-Kyrie
- If a filename contains a section letter as well as a encoding variant name, then there must be a section name (which could be empty, resulting in two dashes before the variant text).
- Figure out what to do with NJE numbers which contain a letter after the work number. Perhaps use capital letters for any NJE letter after work number, and lower-case letters for sub-work segementations.
- For works which do not (yet) have an NJE number, use 99 as the volume number, and an arbitrary work number (from 01 to 99).
Mensural signs
- Notate mensuration signs as an expression in Finale, using a CamelCase tag from the list below. The expression must be attached to the first note/rest after the mensuration sign.
- Do not hide the time signature (Otherwise, it will not be exported in MusicXML data).
- Rhythms are not reduced (see table below for Modern time signatures being used).
For example, if the piece is in circle mensuration, then the time signature would be 3/1, and the expression "MenCircle" would be linked to the first note/rest after the location of the mensuration sign in the music. Here is a list of the CamelCase mensuration signs (subject to change):
| CamelCase | Meter | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| MenCircle | 3/1 | Perfect tempus, minor prolation |
| MenCircleDot | 9/2 | Perfect tempus, major prolation |
| MenC | 2/1 | Imperfect tempus, minor prolation (in older mensural systems MenC can instead mean imperfect tempus, major prolation) |
| MenCDot | 6/2 | Imperfect tempus, major prolation |
| Cut versions of above (add "Cut" just after "Men") | ||
| MenCutCircle | 3/1 | MenCircle in 2:1 ratio |
| MenCutCircleDot | 9/2 | MenCircleDot in 2:1 ratio |
| MenCutC | 2/1 | MenC in 2:1 ratio |
| MenCutCDot | 6/2 | MenCDot in 2:1 ratio |
| Mensural signs where beat is on breve rather than semi-breve | ||
| MenCircle2 | 3/0 | perfect minor modus, imperfect tempus |
| MenCircle3 | 9/1 | perfect minor modus, perfect tempus |
| MenC2 | 2/0 | imperfect minor modus, imperfect tempus |
| MenC3 | 6/1 | imperfect minor modus, perfect tempus |
| Cut versions of above (add "Cut" just after "Men" in all cases of cut signs) | ||
| MenCutCircle2 | 3/0 | MenCircle2 in 2:1 ratio |
| MenCutCircle3 | 9/1 | MenCircle3 in 2:1 ratio |
| MenCutC2 | 2/0 | MenC2 in 2:1 ratio |
| MenCutC3 | 6/1 | MenC3 in 2:1 ratio |
| Other mensural signs | ||
| MenCReverse | 2/0 | 4:3 proportion |
| Men3 | 3/1 | 3:2 proportion |
| Men3Over2 | 3/1 | 3:2 proportion, alternate style |
| Men2 | 2/0 | 2:1 proportion |
| MenOWithinO | No TV in Middle Ages. | |
| Alternate signs (not used in Josquin) | ||
| MenCircleTwoDot | 3/1 | same as MenCircle |
| MenCircleThreeDot | 9/2 | same as MenCircleDot |
| MenCTwoDot | 2/1 | same as MenC |
| MenCThreeDot | 6/2 | same as MenCDot |
| Italian trecento signs (not used in Josquin) | ||
| MenDivD | .d. divisio duodenaria (12 minims per breve) | |
| MenDivN | 9/2 | .n. divisio novenaria (perfect tempus, major prolation) |
| MenDivO | .o. divisio octonaria | |
| MenDivP | 3/1 | .p. divisio senaria perfecta (italica) (perfect tempus, minor prolation) |
| MenDivY | 3/1 | .y. divisio senaria perfecta (italica) (perfect tempus, minor prolation) |
| MenDivSP | 3/1 | .s.p. divisio senaria perfecta (italica) (perfect tempus, minor prolation) |
| MenDivSI | 6/2 | .s.i. divisio senaria imperfecta (imperfect tempus, major prolation) |
| MenDivSG | 6/2 | .s.g. divisio senaria imperfecta (gallica) (imperfect tempus, major prolation) |
| MenDivG | 6/2 | .g. divisio senaria imperfecta (gallica) (imperfect tempus, major prolation) |
| MenDivI | 6/2 | .i. divisio senaria imperfecta (gallica) (imperfect tempus, major prolation) |
| MenDivQ | 2/1 | .q. divisio quaternaria (imperfect tempus, minor prolation) |
Musica ficta
- Notate musica ficta as an accidental on the staff, but with parentheses, such as (♯). This can be done in Speedy Note Entry (or Simple Note Entry) by typing p while the cursor is on the note (or the note is highlighted).
Here is an example MusicXML note exported from Finale 2009 with a parenthesized accidental, with the attribute parentheses="yes" indicating the parentheses around the accidental:
<note default-x="106">
<pitch>
<step>C</step>
<alter>1</alter>
<octave>5</octave>
</pitch>
<duration>1</duration>
<voice>1</voice>
<type>quarter</type>
<accidental parentheses="yes">sharp</accidental>
<stem default-y="-50.5">down</stem>
</note>
Major cadences
- Place double bars (not final bars) after major cadences.
Terminal notes
- Longs (and occasionally Breves) which are not notated with their proper rhythmic duration (such as terminal Longs which are often truncated for visual reasons, including the non-existence of long notes in Finale) are marked with two possible articulations:
- > (accent) means that the original rhythmic level of the note is a long.
- ^ (marcato, or martellato) means that the original rhythmic level of the note is a breve.
Further questions to resolve
We still need to decide on the following questions:
- Do we bother to distinguish between coloration triplets and a "3" sign?
- If there are voice changes within a section or piece, do we make a new file for each change, or have voices with long stretches of rests?